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Table 1 Baseline and cardiogenic shock characteristics

From: Lactate infusion improves cardiac function in a porcine model of ischemic cardiogenic shock

 

Baseline (N = 20)

Shock (N = 20)

P-value

Hemodynamic parameters

CO, L/min

4.2 ± 1.0

2.6 ± 0.7

 < 0.001

CI, L/min/m2

2.7 ± 0.7

1.6 ± 0.4

 < 0.001

SvO2, %

58 ± 9

34 ± 6

 < 0.001

SysBP, mmHg

125 ± 15

94 ± 15

 < 0.001

DiaBP, mmHg

75 ± 14

57 ± 12

 < 0.001

MAP, mmHg

93 ± 13

70 ± 12

 < 0.001

CPO, W

0.87 ± 0.26

0.40 ± 0.11

 < 0.001

PaPi

3.3 (1.9; 5.1)

1.9 (1.6; 2.3)

0.002

SV, mL

71 ± 20

38 ± 11

 < 0.001

HR, bpm

62 ± 17

75 ± 27

0.078

mPAP, mmHg

24 ± 8

25 ± 6

0.657

RAP, mmHg

6 ± 3

7 ± 3

0.298

PAWP, mmHg

7 ± 2

13 ± 4

 < 0.001

SVR, dyn/s/cm5

1756 ± 534

2060 ± 677

0.124

PVR, dyn/s/cm5

307 (196; 394)

341 (267; 508)

0.648

P(v-a)CO2, kPa

1.29 ± 0.35

1.85 ± 0.31

 < 0.001

Pressure–volume parameters

LVESV, mL

64 ± 10

77 ± 27

0.055

LVESP, mmHg

106 ± 17

81 ± 11

 < 0.001

LVEDV, mL

144 ± 26

115 ± 37

0.007

LVEDP, mmHg

13 ± 5

18 ± 6

0.007

LVEF, %

51 ± 8

33 ± 11

 < 0.001

Ees, mmHg/mL

1.96 (1.83; 2.27)

1.28 (1.01; 1.82)

 < 0.001

Ea, mmHg/mL

1.57 (1.18; 2.08)

2.48 (1.51; 3.45)

0.114

VA Coupling

0.69 (0.63; 0.90)

1.63 (1.13; 2.29)

 < 0.001

Cardiac efficiency, %

70 ± 7

49 ± 13

 < 0.001

Arterial Biochemistry

Lactate, mmol/L

1.4 ± 0.7

2.5 ± 1.0

 < 0.001

Glucose, mmol/L

6.6 ± 1.5

6.6 ± 1.9

0.582

Free fatty acids, mmol/L

0.45 ± 0.13

0.44 ± 0.15

0.758

  1. Hemodynamic and pressure–volume parameters in healthy state and at cardiogenic shock baseline (following one-hour no-touch period after reaching prespecified cardiogenic shock criteria) where the first intervention was initiated. Data are expressed as mean ± SD or median (interquartile range). P-values indicate paired T-test for normally distributed data or Wilcoxon signed rank test for non-normally distributed data. Bold indicates P < 0.05
  2. CI Cardiac index, CO Cardiac output, CPO Cardiac power output, DiaBP Diastolic blood pressure, Ea Arterial elastance, Ees End-systolic elastance (the slope of the end-systolic pressure–volume relationship), HR Heart rate, LVEDP LV end-diastolic pressure, LVEDV LV end-diastolic volume, LVEF LV ejection fraction, LVESP LV end-systolic pressure, LVESV LV end-systolic volume, MAP Mean arterial pressure, mPAP Mean pulmonary artery pressure, PaPi Pulmonary artery pulsatile index, PAWP Pulmonary arterial wedge pressure, P(v-a)CO2 Veno-arterial carbon dioxide difference, PVR Pulmonary vascular resistance, RAP Right atrial pressure, SV Stroke volume, SVR Systemic vascular resistance, SvO2 Mixed venous saturation, SysBP Systolic blood pressure, VA Ventriculo-arterial coupling (Ea/Ees)
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Critical Care

ISSN: 1364-8535